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The Palm-Wine Drinkard (1977)

The Palm-Wine Drinkard (1977)

Book Info

Author
Genre
Rating
3.85 of 5 Votes: 5
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ISBN
0571049966 (ISBN13: 9780571049967)
Language
English
Publisher
faber and faber

About book The Palm-Wine Drinkard (1977)

This is a fascinating book, in many ways unlike anything I have ever read and yet also very familiar. The book is narrated by the Drinkard. The first thing that strikes you (within the opening sentences) is that this is a non-judgemental world. The Drinkard describes himself as professional drinker of the alcoholic palm-wine. This behaviour is not punished, instead his father hires a tapster to tap the 200 kegs of wine a day that the Drinkard consumes. When the tapster falls to his death from a palm tree, the Drinkard goes in search his servant. The rest of the novel follows the Drinkard's travels and his adventures. Tutuola said that he wrote to tell of my ancestors and how they lived in their days. They lived with immortal creatures of the forest. But now the forest are gone. I believe the immortal creatures must have moved away.The novel is packed with amazing immortal creatures - bush spirits and strange people, some living and some dead. The Drinkard encounters a different creature every few pages. Occasionally there is a reference to modern life - eg a tree taking something like photos or a reference to a bomb - but most of the time we are firmly in the land of Tutuola's ancestors. There is not the duality between a dominant European culture and an indigenous one that one expects from magic realism. The indigenous culture is dominant. Despite Tutuola's education at an Anglican school, this is a world in which the Christian God has barely a foothold, a brutal world in which the bush spirits tend to be malicious and even dead babies drive you from the road. The narrator does occasionally talk of God, but then refers to himself as the Father of the gods who could do anything in this world. The Drinkard has juju (magical power) which allows him to shapeshift to escape or outwit his foes. I was reminded as I read this of the ancient British ballad The Two Magicians, variations of which you find all over Europe.The writing style is extraordinary. Tutuola was forced to give up his education, despite being a good student. He therefore writes in English but it reads as though he thinks in Yoruba. Nor has the story form been westernized. There is no normal story arc. Over on the Magic Realism Facebook Group we had a discussion about the standardized story structure (three parts etc) and how the "rules" that some people swear by aren't rules at all. Such people would dismiss this book as episodic. They would point out that there is no character development. But this is a story form that is as old as storytelling. A man goes on a journey and meets and defeats various supernatural creatures. Many old legends are just that and so are many early novels. Tutuola's novel is close to the oral tradition that first gave voice to those legends. Tutuola died in 1997 and he wrote this book in 1953. I doubt whether this novel could be written now in quite the same way. This review first appeared on the Magic Realism Books Blog, where I review a magic realism book a week.

A novel of breathtaking originality and scope that, despite the fact that it is only 120 pages (and therefore is really a novella) can be usefully compared to the tone, atmosphere, and thematics of Rabelais' Gargantua and Pantagruel. The language, a kind of Nigerian-Yoruban-English patois, is amazingly inventive and delicious, and it is unfortunate that Tutuolo's brilliance landed him in trouble for his presumed "primitiveness," although what seems really at stake is his unsparing exposure of Yoruban culture. The novel begins by telling us of the prodigious appetite for palm wine of the main protagonist, and the decision of his father to give him land replete with palm trees (and therefore palm wine). The narrative then tells the tale of the tragic demise of the palm wine tapster of the hero, and the search to find him, which acquires the atmosphere of a Yoruban Odyssey. This single narrative of a search for the tapster holds together a sequence of folk tales that have diverse trajectories, like the episodes in the Odyssey. In the beginning, one has the sense of having entered a kindly fairytale world, filled with the kind of folklore one might read out loud to children, but this impression proves deceptive. The book tells of the sad demise of our hero’s palm-wine tapster and of the search to find him. In effect, this single narrative holds together a sequence of quite separate folk-stories. For several pages, one feels one is entering a rather genial world, full of the folksy stories of the kind one might read to children, but this impression soon vanishes. These stories are harsh, blood-thirsty, remorseless, and unforgiving, and they are almost, almost too gruesome and terrible to read. The major thematics of death, kidnap, and dismemberment. We meet the figure of Death, whose household furniture and firewood are composed of human remains. We meet an extremely beautiful gentleman who has kidnapped a young woman. This man has "hired" his body-parts from merchants to trade in human bodies. When he returns his body parts to their owners, he becomes reduced to a skull that lives in a hole in the ground. The single horrific images or episodes are not difficult to endure but, rather, their accumulation becomes oppressive; the more so as one suspects Tutuola of writing an exaggerated but recognizable cultural allegory. No wonder this book has aroused so much controversy! Tutuolo's depiction of horror is, in my estimate, unparalleled, and I am glad he has found an appreciative audience worldwide.

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I'm puzzled by the popularity of this novel. I own a small new and used book store and I cannot keep this book stocked. It simply won't linger on the shelf. I have people asking for it all the time. After reading it, I can't for the life of me figure out why.For the first fifteen pages, I was agog at the odd use of language. I thought I had found an early predecessor to Gordon Lish and Gary Lutz. Not a father or grandfather. Maybe a queer uncle or family friend. But soon, I found myself frowning and sighing and "Oh, godding!" Not because of the strange English (in fact, that was the one saving grace of the novel) but because what I realized I was reading was a kind of a fable or folk tale that lacked, completely, any hint of subtext. I realized I was reading someone's dreams.Have you ever had to sit through the telling of a dream? Dreams are not "adventures" and there is nothing "incredible" about them because you can do anything you want in a dream so nothing means anything. It's funny, maybe, for the first few seconds or half-minute. But then it's just deadening. Because dreams aren't stories. And the story of a dream, told in a Kerouac rat-at-tat-tat, without craft or craftiness, is just not worth listening to. Or reading. And when I think of it, if this book had been read to me, in short bursts, I might have appreciated it. Maybe. Probably not. I don't know.
—Brent Legault

Dear Mr. Amos Tutuola,When I was a small boy I was told the story of a perfect gentleman who went to a market and returned from it with a girl that followed him. As he went back home, he kept giving back the pieces of him that were borrowed, so that by the time he got to his home, he was only a skull. And the girl deceived by his beauty now only a slave.Well, Mr. Tatuola, thank you very much for taking me through many indescribable adventures and many incomprehensible mysteries. I enjoyed them well, as a child should. But they reminded me of those days, when I was a small boy. Of the time I got scared when the lamp was taken away, and my fear disappeared when the light was restored. Of when I did not know how to be afraid when there was light, and when there were people around me. Now, I remember those days and I wonder why fear will be here beside me even when the sun shines, and people around me smile. Those days I was only worried about tomorrow if I hadn't talked my homework, because mother would scold me and my teacher would cane me. Mother won't ask me now whether I have done what I have to do, she'll ask me where is the result of what I have done. If I meet her by the road, - my childhood teacher, she'll be looking to see whether I have a suit and a tie, whether my smile says that I have seen and conquered. And my fear may be that she will only wave, and ask what art has done to me. Not what I have done to art.I want to go back to one of those days, when laughter was laughter and not the superfluous hiding of what lies beneath. When stories genuinely scared or made me genuinely happy, whether the next day I had forgotten them or not. When I knew that tomorrow will come, and apart from its simple fears, it will come and go. When I knew there was a man up there, beyond the infinite skies, that said son, I hold the universe together, in perfection, and if you only believe this, everything will unfold as it should. I want a tiny bit of those days. And to meet men like you -in person or in the pages of a book, -who will leave a legacy, who craft stories that will once in a while, remind us of what it was to be a child.For looking beyond your limited self and leaving us this enduring story, may immortality always be your share.Faithfully, Reader in crisis, etc.
—Moses Kilolo

"I cut a tree and carved it into a paddle, then I gave it to my wife and I told her to enter the river with me; when we entered the river, I commanded one juju which was given me by a kind spirit who was a friend of mine and at once the juju changed me to a big canoe. Then my wife went inside the canoe with the paddle and paddling it, she used the canoe as 'ferry' to carry passengers across the river, the fare for adults was 3d (three pence) and half fare for children.""When we traveled for two and half days, we reached the Deads' road from which dead babies drove us, and when we reached there, we could not travel on it because of fearful dead babies, etc. which were still on it."Amos Tutuola begins the transcription of African oral literature with a sprawling and entirely unpredictable account of the Father of All Gods traveling for more than a decade--mostly in the company of a wife that he picks up along the way--in search of his prodigiously skillful (and lamentably deceased) palm-wine tapster. The passages above should give some idea of the strange, confident and somehow abridged use of grammar, along with the narrator's focused refusal to provide ancillary details or supporting facts while describing outlandish events that seem to beg for more attention. How do you devote just three sentences out of 130 pages to the time that you transformed yourself into a canoe in order for your wife to make lunch money by using you as a passenger vehicle?"The Palm-Wine Drinkard" reads like a compendium of folklore. It is unified by the mission of the protagonist; but many of the episodes are so symbolically and moralistically complete that they seem borrowed from oral traditions where they might normally stand alone. Unless you regularly consume fairy tales or ancient folklore, Tutuola's effort should prove a refreshing and memorable experience.Do not expect great attention to structure or particularly satisfying resolution; come along for the ride.
—Nathaniel

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